Platforms and architectures

snapcraft.yaml

The Architectures how-to guide provides examples of how to use the platforms and architectures keywords.

core24

The root keyword platforms defines a list of platforms, each containing a build-on and build-for keyword with the following syntax:

platforms:
    <platform 1>:
        build-on: [<arch 1>, <arch 2>]
        build-for: [<arch 1>]
    <platform 2>:
        build-on: [<arch 3>]
        build-for: [<arch 4>]
    ...

platform

The platform name describes a build-on/build-for pairing. If the platform name is a valid debian architecture, then build-on and build-for can be omitted (see below for details).

See here for a list of supported architectures.

The recommended platform name is build-for arch.

build-on

The build-on field is an optional list of architectures where the snap can be built. It can contain multiple architectures.

If the platform name is a valid architecture and build-for is not defined, then build-on can be omitted. build-on will assume the platform name.

build-for

The build-for field is an optional single-element list containing the architecture where the snap should run.

If the platform name is a valid architecture, then build-for will assume the platform name.

core22

The root keyword architectures defines a list of build-on->build-for pairs with the following syntax:

architectures:
  - build-on: [<arch 1>, <arch 2>]
    build-for: [<arch 1>]
  - build-on: [<arch 3>]
    build-for: [<arch 4>]
    ...

See here for a list of supported architectures.

Data types

If the value is a single item, it can be written as a single element list or a scalar. For example:

architectures:
  - build-on: amd64
    build-for: arm64

is equivalent to:

architectures:
  - build-on: [amd64]
    build-for: [arm64]

Using a list is the recommended syntax. Scalars are not recommended.

build-on

The build-on field is required and can contain multiple architectures.

build-for

The build-for field is optional and should be a single element list. If it is not defined, the build-for will be set the build-on for each build in the build plan.

build-for: [all] is a special keyword to denote an architecture-independent snap. If the all keyword is used, no other build-on/build-for pairs can be defined. See this page to learn how to use the all keyword.

all cannot be used for build-on.

The same architecture cannot be defined in multiple build-for entries.

core20

The above syntax and rules for core22 apply for core20 except that run-on is used in place of build-for. Additionally, core20 supports multiple architectures in the run-on field, which will create multi-architecture snaps.

Shorthand format

As an alternative to the explicit format described above, core20 snaps support a shorthand format for simple build-on/run-on pairs. The following shorthand:

architectures: [amd64, arm64]

is equivalent to:

architectures:
  - build-on: [amd64]
    run-on: [amd64]
  - build-on: [arm64]
    run-on: [arm64]

The explicit and shorthand format cannot be mixed.

Project variables

core24

Project variable Description
CRAFT_ARCH_BUILD_FOR The architecture of the platform the snap is built for.
CRAFT_ARCH_BUILD_ON The architecture of the platform the snap is built on.
CRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_FOR The architecture triplet of the platform the snap is built for.
CRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_ON The architecture triplet of the platform the snap is built on.

core22

Project variable Description
CRAFT_ARCH_BUILD_FOR The architecture of the platform the snap is built for.
CRAFT_ARCH_BUILD_ON The architecture of the platform the snap is built on.
CRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_FOR The architecture triplet of the platform the snap is built for.
CRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_ON The architecture triplet of the platform the snap is built on.
CRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET Deprecated. Use CRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_FOR instead.
CRAFT_TARGET_ARCH Deprecated. Use CRAFT_ARCH_BUILD_FOR instead.

core20

core20 snaps use the terminology run-on in the architectures field in snapcraft.yaml. The project variables and documentation use the preferred term build-for.

Project variable Description
SNAPCRAFT_ARCH_BUILD_FOR The architecture of the platform the snap is built for.
SNAPCRAFT_ARCH_BUILD_ON The architecture of the platform the snap is built on.
SNAPCRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_FOR The architecture triplet of the platform the snap is built for.
SNAPCRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_ON The architecture triplet of the platform the snap is built on.
SNAPCRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET The architecture triplet specified by --target-arch. If a target arch is not provided, then the architecture of the build-on platform is used.
SNAPCRAFT_TARGET_ARCH The architecture specified by --target-arch. If a target arch is not provided, then the architecture of the build-on platform is used.

SNAPCRAFT_ARCH_BUILD_FOR and SNAPCRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_FOR are not available in either of the following scenarios:

  • When the build-for architecture is not in the list of supported architectures
  • When building a multi-architecture snap

Supported architectures

Supported locally

The following architectures can be used when building a snap locally.

  • amd64
  • arm64
  • armhf
  • i386
  • powerpc
  • ppc64el
  • riscv64
  • s390x

Supported by Launchpad

The following architectures are supported by Launchpad for remote building.

  • amd64
  • arm64
  • armhf
  • ppc64el
  • riscv64
  • s390x

Environment variables and command line arguments

core22

The command line argument --build-for=<arch> or environment variable SNAPCRAFT_BUILD_FOR=<arch> is used to build a single snap package for an architecture. It selects a single build-on->build-for pair from the build plan. It does not allow building a snap not defined by the build plan.

The command line argument takes priority over the environment variable.

See build plans for more information on how build plans are created.

core20

--target-arch=<arch> is used for cross-compiling in core20. It adds repositories for the target arch, which are used for stage-packages. The target arch does not need to be listed in the snapcraft.yaml architectures keyword.

The --target-arch argument can only be used in destructive mode and with --enable-experimental-target-arch or the environment variable SNAPCRAFT_ENABLE_EXPERIMENTAL_TARGET_ARCH.

The full usage is snapcraft --destructive-mode --enable-experimental-target-arch --target-arch=<arch>.

Note that on the current version of snapcraft (snapcraft 7.5.3 latest/stable), SNAPCRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_FOR is not available. For the current version of snapcraft, the variables CRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET and CRAFT_TARGET_ARCH marked as deprecated are working.

Thanks for letting us know. I’ve updated the doc to SNAPCRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_FOR and comment on its compatibility.

$SNAPCRAFT_ARCH_TRIPLET_BUILD_FOR is a recently added envvar and is still supported.

For core20 snaps, there are some scenarios where snapcraft cannot evaluate the variable. In the snapcraft edge channel, an error is now raised when this occurs.

I reverted @degville’s changes because the documentation described the intended behavior.

@gbeuzeboc, if snapcraft on edge isn’t working as described by this doc, can you post your snapcraft.yaml here or as a bug on github? Thanks!

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Thanks for the update @mr_cal. I’ll check with you before changing these docs in future.

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