Oh, thank you!
So the answer to this question was given in that comment! And this worked for me:
xdg-mime default google-chrome.desktop x-scheme-handler/http
xdg-mime default google-chrome.desktop x-scheme-handler/https
But it’s a little strange as:
xdg-mime query default x-scheme-handler/http
returned google-chrome.desktop even before.
Anyways, I marked your comment with “heart” and it’s just the second one, while it’s actually THE answer and should be appreciated.
Thanks.